Preparation and Standardization of Acidic and Basic Titrants: In volumetric analysis, a titrant is a solution of known concentration that is used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. Acidic and basic titrants are commonly used in acid-base titrations. Before use, the concentration of a titrant must be accurately determined by standardization against a…
Non-Aqueous Titrations: Non-aqueous titration is a volumetric analytical method in which the titration is carried out in a solvent other than water. It is particularly useful for the assay of weak acids, weak bases, and substances that are poorly soluble in water. In aqueous titration, weak acids or bases may not ionize sufficiently to give…
Assay of Ammonium Hydroxide: Assay of Ammonium Hydroxide is an important analytical procedure used to determine the strength or percentage purity of ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH) present in a pharmaceutical sample. Ammonium hydroxide is a weak alkaline solution formed when ammonia gas (NH₃) dissolves in water. It is widely used in pharmaceutical industries, analytical laboratories, chemical…
Theory Involved in Titrations: Acid–base titration is one of the most widely used analytical methods in pharmaceutical analysis. It is used to determine the concentration of an acid or a base by allowing it to react completely with a standard solution of known concentration. The reaction involved is called a neutralization reaction, in which hydrogen…
Preparation and Standardization of Titrants: In volumetric analysis, the accuracy of titration depends mainly on the titrant used. A titrant is a solution of accurately known concentration that is added from a burette to react with another solution (analyte). Since many laboratory chemicals are not pure enough to prepare an exact concentration directly, they must…
Theories of acid base indicators: Acid–base titration is one of the most common and important methods used in volumetric analysis. It is an analytical technique used to determine the unknown concentration or strength of an acid or a base by reacting it with another solution of known concentration (called the standard solution). Pharmaacademias.com The principle…