DNA barcoding is a modern molecular technique used for the identification and authentication of biological species by analyzing a short, standardized region of DNA called a DNA barcode. In pharmacognosy, DNA barcoding is particularly useful for identifying medicinal plants and crude drugs, especially when the drug is: Simple definition ⭐ DNA barcoding is a molecular…
Physicochemical Parameters Used in Evaluation of Drugs: Physicochemical parameters are measurable physical and chemical properties used to determine the identity, purity, quality, strength, and stability of crude drugs and natural products. These parameters are very important in Pharmacognosy because they help in: The important physicochemical parameters are: 1. Extractive Values Extractive value is the amount…
Evaluation of Drugs: Evaluation of drugs means the process of determining the identity, purity, quality, strength, safety and efficacy of a drug. In pharmacognosy, evaluation is especially important for crude drugs of natural origin because their quality can vary depending on the plant source, geographical area, collection time, storage conditions, and processing. The main methods…
Adulteration of Drugs of Natural Origin: Adulteration means replacing a genuine drug, either completely or partially, with another substance that is inferior in quality, harmful, cheaper, or different from the original drug. Drugs of natural origin are obtained from plants, animals, minerals, and other natural sources. Examples include crude drugs such as Senna, Digitalis, Clove,…