Chapter 8

Anti-diarrheal – Definition, Classification, Uses, Indications and contraindications

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Definition: An anti-diarrheal is a substance or medication that relieves symptoms of diarrhea characterized by frequent, loose bowel movements. These agents reduce bowel motility, increase water absorption, or bind to toxins in the gastrointestinal tract. While effective for symptom management, they don’t address the underlying cause of diarrhea, necessitating treatment for long-term resolution. Classification of … Read more

Purgatives – Definition, Classification, Uses, Indications

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Purgatives Purgatives are pharmacological agents that promote the evacuation of the bowel by increasing intestinal motility or altering stool consistency. They act primarily on the intestinal mucosa, smooth muscles, or luminal contents to facilitate the passage of fecal matter. In general pharmacology, purgatives are classified under the broad category of cathartics or laxatives — terms … Read more

Laxatives – Definition, Classification, Uses, Indications and contraindications

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Laxatives are substances or medications that promote bowel movements and relieve constipation by increasing the frequency and ease of stool passage. Classification of Laxatives 1. Bulk-forming laxatives Bulk-forming laxatives are a type of laxative that promotes bowel movements by adding bulk and moisture to the stool, facilitating its passage through the intestines. These laxatives are … Read more

Anti-emetics- Definition, Classification, Uses, Indications and contraindications

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Anti-emetics are medications designed to prevent or alleviate nausea and vomiting. These drugs target specific receptors in the brain and gastrointestinal tract involved in the vomiting reflex. Anti-emetics are commonly used in various situations where nausea and vomiting are prevalent, such as during chemotherapy, postoperative recovery, and motion sickness. The goal of anti-emetic treatment is … Read more

Anti-ulcer drugs- Definition, Classification, Uses, Indications and contraindications

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Anti-ulcer drugs are a category of medications specifically designed to treat and prevent ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract. These ulcers can occur in various parts of the digestive system, such as the stomach and the duodenum. Classification of Anti-ulcer drugs Anti-ulcer drugs can be classified into several categories based on their mechanisms of action: 1. … Read more