Potash alum, also known as potassium aluminum sulfate, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KAl(SO₄)₂·12H₂O. It is a hydrated double salt that consists of aluminum, potassium, sulfur, and oxygen. The compound forms large, colorless to white crystals and is highly soluble in water. Chemical Properties of Potash Alum (Potassium Aluminum Sulfate, KAl(SO₄)₂·12H₂O) 1. … Read more
Zinc sulfate is an inorganic compound of zinc, sulfur, and oxygen. It is a colorless, crystalline solid that can exist in different hydrated forms, including zinc sulfate monohydrate (ZnSO₄ · H₂O) and zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO₄ · 7H₂O). The compound is highly soluble in water. Chemical Properties of Zinc Sulfate (ZnSO₄) 1. Chemical Formula: ZnSO₄ … Read more
compound that tends to shrink or constrict body tissues and precipitate the protein, and astringent forms a protective layer on the surface. – Due to their protein action, astringents can reduce cell permeability. – This reduces local edema, exudation, and inflammation. – The word “astringent” derives from the Latin “adstringere”, meaning “to bind fast”. – … Read more
Sodium nitrite is sometimes used as part of an antidote regimen in cases of cyanide poisoning. Cyanide poisoning can occur through exposure to certain chemicals, including hydrogen cyanide and cyanogenic compounds. Sodium nitrite is used to induce methemoglobin formation, which can help to counteract the effects of cyanide poisoning. Here’s an overview of its use … Read more
Activated charcoal is commonly used as an antidote in cases of poisoning and overdose. Its mechanism of action involves adsorption, where toxins adhere to the surface of the charcoal, preventing their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Here’s how activated charcoal functions as an antidote: 1. Adsorption Properties Activated charcoal has a large surface area due … Read more
Poison refers to any substance, chemical, or organism that, when introduced into or absorbed by a living organism, can cause harm, injury, illness, or death. Poisons disrupt normal physiological functions and can have toxic effects on cells, tissues, and organ systems. They can be ingested, inhaled, absorbed through the skin, or injected and may vary … Read more
Ferrous gluconate is another iron supplement commonly used as a hematinic to address iron-deficiency anemia. Like ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate provides a source of bioavailable iron to support the synthesis of hemoglobin in red blood cells. Role of Ferrous Gluconate in Hematinics 1. Iron Supplementation: Ferrous gluconate serves as a source of elemental iron, a … Read more
Hematinics promote the formation of hemoglobin, the iron-containing pigment in red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport. These substances are vital for producing and maintaining healthy red blood cells and are crucial in preventing and treating various forms of anemia. Hematinics often addresses conditions characterized by a deficiency in hemoglobin or red blood cells, leading … Read more
Sodium potassium tartrate, commonly known as Rochelle salt, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula KNaC₄H₄O₆·4H₂O. It is a double salt of tartaric acid, composed of one molecule of potassium sodium tartrate and four molecules of water of crystallization. 1. Mechanism of Action Irritation of Gastrointestinal Tract: Sodium potassium tartrate irritates the stomach lining … Read more
Emetics are substances or medications that induce vomiting. They are administered to promote the expulsion of the contents of the stomach and are used in cases of poisoning or overdose. Emetic irritates the stomach lining or directly stimulates the vomiting center in the brain, triggering the reflex to vomit. Healthcare professionals should supervise the administration … Read more
