Month: March 2025

Bitter almond: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

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1. Introduction of Bitter almond Bitter almond (Prunus dulcis var. amara) is a variety of almond known for its distinct bitter taste and high amygdalin content. Unlike sweet almonds, bitter almonds contain cyanogenic glycosides, which release hydrogen cyanide upon enzymatic hydrolysis. While toxic in large quantities, bitter almonds have been historically used for medicinal, flavoring, … Read more

Aloes: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources etc

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1. Introduction of Aloes Aloes, derived from the genus Aloe, belong to the family Asphodelaceae. The most widely recognized species is Aloe vera, renowned for its medicinal and cosmetic applications. Aloes have been used for centuries in traditional medicine, particularly in Ayurveda, Chinese, and Western herbal medicine. The plant is valued for its bioactive compounds, … Read more

Senna: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources etc

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1. Introduction of Senna Senna is a well-known medicinal plant belonging to the genus Senna in the family Fabaceae. The most commonly used species are Senna alexandrina (also known as Cassia senna or Cassia angustifolia), widely recognized for its potent laxative properties. It has been used in traditional medicine for centuries, particularly in Ayurvedic, Unani, … Read more

Colophony: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications 1. Introduction

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1. Introduction to Colophony Colophony, also known as rosin, is a natural resin obtained from pine trees (Pinus species). It is a brittle, translucent substance that is primarily composed of resin acids and is widely used in adhesives, coatings, inks, and pharmaceuticals. Colophony has a long history of industrial and medicinal applications, particularly for its … Read more

Myrrh: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

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1. Introduction to Myrrh Myrrh is a natural resin obtained from trees of the genus Commiphora, mainly Commiphora myrrha and Commiphora gileadensis. It has been used since ancient times in traditional medicine, religious rituals, and perfumery. Myrrh is particularly famous for its aromatic properties and medicinal benefits, being an integral part of the pharmacopeias of … Read more

Asafoetida: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

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1. General Introduction of Asafoetida Asafoetida, commonly known as “Hing”, is a gum resin obtained from the rhizome and taproot of various species of the Ferula genus, mainly Ferula assa-foetida. It is widely used in traditional medicine and as a flavoring agent in cooking, particularly in Indian, Persian, and Middle Eastern cuisines. Asafoetida is known … Read more

Ginger: Introduction, Composition, Chemistry, Bio-Sources, Therapeutic Uses, and Commercial Applications

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1. General Introduction of Ginger Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a flowering plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae and is widely used as a spice, condiment, and medicinal herb. It is native to Southeast Asia and is now cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Ginger has been an integral part of traditional medicine systems, including … Read more

NIPER JEE-2025: A Gateway to Excellence in Pharmaceutical Sciences

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NIPER JEE-2025: The National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) is one of India’s most prestigious institutions dedicated to pharmaceutical education and research. It is recognized as an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India. To ensure the best talent is admitted into its Master’s and Ph.D. programs, NIPER conducts the NIPER … Read more

Cancer: Classification, Pathogenesis

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Cancer Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, invasion, and metastasis. It arises due to genetic and environmental factors that alter normal cellular functions. Understanding the classification, etiology, and pathogenesis of cancer is essential for developing effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive strategies. 1. Classification of Cancer Cancer can be classified based … Read more

Gout: Pathophysiology, and Treatment

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Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, causing sudden and severe pain, redness, swelling, and tenderness. It is often referred to as “the disease of kings” due to its historical association with indulgent lifestyles and the consumption of rich foods and alcohol. Epidemiology of … Read more