Aim: Effect of agonists and antagonists on guinea pig ileum References 1. Objective To study the effects of agonists and antagonists on guinea pig ileum and analyze their pharmacological responses using an isolated tissue bath setup. 2. Principle The guinea pig ileum is a smooth muscle preparation that contracts in response to cholinergic and histaminergic … Read more
Aim: Study of effect of drugs on gastrointestinal motility. References 1. Objective To evaluate the effect of various drugs on gastrointestinal (GI) motility in experimental animals using standard techniques such as charcoal meal test, BaSO₄ meal test, and intestinal transit measurement. 2. Principle Gastrointestinal motility refers to the movement of food and secretions through the … Read more
Aim: Study of anti-ulcer activity using pylorus ligation (shay) rat model and nsaid-induced ulcer model References 1. Objective To evaluate the anti-ulcer activity of a test drug using the Pylorus Ligation (Shay) Rat Model and NSAID-Induced Ulcer Model by assessing ulcer formation, gastric secretions, and ulcer index. 2. Principle Peptic ulcers result from an imbalance … Read more
Aim: Anti-allergic activity by mast cell stabilization assay References 1. Objective To evaluate the anti-allergic activity of a test compound by assessing its ability to stabilize mast cells and prevent degranulation. 2. Principle Mast cells play a crucial role in allergic reactions by releasing histamine and other inflammatory mediators upon degranulation. Stabilization of mast cells … Read more
Aim: Dose calculation in pharmacological experiments. References 1. Introduction Dose calculation is a fundamental aspect of pharmacological experiments to ensure accurate administration of drugs to experimental animals. The correct dose is crucial for maintaining the validity and reproducibility of results while ensuring ethical considerations. This manual provides guidelines on calculating doses in preclinical and clinical … Read more
Aim: Effect of spasmogens and spasmolytics using rabbit jejunum References 1. Goyal, R. K., & Hirano, I. (1996). “Gut motility and regulatory mechanisms.” Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, 22(4), 293-310. 2. Rang, H. P., Dale, M. M., Ritter, J. M., & Moore, P. K. (2011). “Pharmacology” (7th ed.). Churchill Livingstone. 3. Tripathi, K. D. (2019). “Essentials … Read more
Aim: Determination of PD₂ Value using Guinea Pig Ileum References: 1. Gaddum, J.H. (1957). “Theories of Drug Antagonism.” Pharmacological Reviews, 9(3), 211-218. 2. Rang, H.P., Dale, M.M., Ritter, J.M., Flower, R.J., & Henderson, G. (2015). Rang & Dale’s Pharmacology. 8th edition. Elsevier. Objective: To determine the PD₂ value of an antagonist using the guinea pig … Read more
Aim: Determination of pA₂ Value of Prazosin Using Rat Anococcygeus Muscle (Schild Plot Method) References 1. Arunlakshana, O., & Schild, H.O. (1959). Some quantitative uses of drug antagonists. British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, 14(1), 48-58. 2. Ghosh, M.N. (2008). Fundamentals of Experimental Pharmacology (6th ed.). Hilton & Company. 3. Rang, H.P., Dale, M.M., Ritter, … Read more
Aim: Bioassay of Acetylcholine Using Rat Ileum or Colon by Four-Point Bioassay References 1. Ghosh, M.N. (2008). Fundamentals of Experimental Pharmacology (6th ed.). Hilton & Company. 2. Rang, H.P., Dale, M.M., Ritter, J.M., & Flower, R.J. (2015). Rang & Dale’s Pharmacology (8th ed.). Churchill Livingstone. 3. Schild, H.O. (1947). The bioassay of acetylcholine on the … Read more
Aim: Bioassay of Serotonin Using Rat Fundus Strip by Three-Point Bioassay References 1. Ghosh, M.N. (2008). Fundamentals of Experimental Pharmacology (6th ed.). Hilton & Company. 2. Rang, H.P., Dale, M.M., Ritter, J.M., & Flower, R.J. (2015). Rang & Dale’s Pharmacology (8th ed.). Churchill Livingstone. 3. Schild, H.O. (1947). The bioassay of serotonin on the rat … Read more
