Physiology of Muscle Contraction

Screenshot 2025 02 26 095956 Physiology of Muscle Contraction

Physiology of Muscle Contraction: Muscle contraction is a complex physiological process that involves the interaction of muscle fibers, motor neurons, ions, and various proteins. The ability of muscles to contract is fundamental to movement, posture, and the body’s ability to respond to stimuli. In the case of skeletal muscle, the contraction process is initiated by … Read more

Organization of Skeletal Muscle

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Organization of Skeletal Muscle: Skeletal muscle is one of the three major types of muscle tissue found in the human body, alongside cardiac muscle and smooth muscle. It is responsible for voluntary movement, posture maintenance, and heat production. Skeletal muscle is a highly organized structure, with a complex arrangement of cells, fibers, tissues, and proteins, … Read more

Salient features and functions of bones of axial and appendicular skeletal system

Screenshot 2025 02 26 103422 Salient features and functions of bones of axial and appendicular skeletal system

Skeletal system Axial and appendicular skeletal system: The skeletal system is the structural framework of the body, composed of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints. It provides support, protection, and movement while also serving essential functions such as mineral storage, blood cell production (hematopoiesis), and endocrine regulation. Axial Skeleton system The axial skeleton serves as the … Read more

Bone: Definition, Types and Functions

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Bones make up the skeleton in vertebrates, including humans. They provide structure, protect organs, facilitate movement, produce blood cells, and store minerals like calcium and phosphorus. Bones are dynamic, adapting to activity and metabolic needs. The human skeleton is a complex framework for stability and mobility. Types of bones Bones in the human skeleton are … Read more

Skeletal system: Definition, Types and functions

Screenshot 2025 02 26 103704 Skeletal system: Definition, Types and functions

Skeletal system The skeletal system, commonly known as the skeleton, forms the anatomical framework of bones and cartilage that offers structural support and shape to the human body. It acts as a protective and supportive structure for internal organs, enables bodily movement through muscle attachment, participates in blood cell production, and stores crucial minerals. The … Read more

Integumentary system: Structure and Functions

Screenshot 2025 02 24 145644 Integumentary system: Structure and Functions

Integumentary System (Skin) The integumentary system is the body’s outermost protective barrier, primarily composed of the skin, hair, nails, and associated glands. It plays a crucial role in protecting the body from environmental damage, regulating temperature, and facilitating sensory perception. Among its components, the skin is the most extensive organ and serves as the first … Read more

Forms of intracellular signaling

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Forms of Intracellular Signaling Forms of intracellular signaling: Intracellular signaling is a fundamental process that allows cells to communicate with each other and coordinate various physiological activities. Cells use signaling mechanisms to respond to external stimuli, regulate growth, modulate immune responses, and maintain homeostasis. The mode of signal transmission can vary depending on the distance … Read more

Intracellular signaling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecule

Screenshot 2025 02 24 115046 Intracellular signaling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecule

Introduction to Intracellular signaling pathway Intracellular signaling pathways are highly intricate and essential for the proper functioning of cells. These pathways are activated when extracellular signal molecules, such as hormones, growth factors, or neurotransmitters, interact with specific receptors located on the cell surface or within the cytoplasm. Once activated, these pathways regulate critical cellular processes, … Read more

General principles of cell signaling

Screenshot 2025 02 24 114829 General principles of cell signaling

Introduction of General Principles of Cell Signaling Cell signaling is a fundamental process that allows cells to communicate with each other and coordinate their responses to environmental stimuli. It is essential for maintaining homeostasis, regulating cellular functions, and enabling multicellular organisms to function efficiently. The signaling mechanisms involve the detection of signals, transmission of information … Read more

Cell junctions: Definition, Types and Functions

Screenshot 2025 02 24 114004 Cell junctions: Definition, Types and Functions

Specialized structures in the cell membrane, called cell junctions, facilitate communication, adhesion, and coordination between adjacent cells in multicellular organisms. These junctions play a crucial role in maintaining tissue integrity, enabling cells to collaborate, and ensuring the proper functioning of various organs and tissues. Multiple cell junctions exist, each with distinct functions and structures. 1. … Read more